Steering System-General Information

• Specifications
  • General Specifications
• Description And Operation
  • Steering System
• Diagnosis And Testing
  • Steering System
    • Notes
    • Principles of Operation
      • Variable Assist Power Steering (VAPS)
    • Inspection and Verification
    • Steering System Symptom Definitions
    • Symptom Chart
    • Pinpoint Tests
      • Pinpoint Test A: DTC C1445, Vehicle Speed Signal Circuit Failure
      • Pinpoint Test B: DTC 1897 - Steering VAPS Circuit Loop Failure
      • Pinpoint Test C: Steering System Noise
      • Pinpoint Test D: Steering Is Very Difficult/Very Easy
      • Pinpoint Test E: Excessive Steering Wheel Play
      • Pinpoint Test F: Steering System Drift/Pull/Wander
    • Component Tests
      • Steering Linkage
      • Turning Effort Test
      • Pump Flow And Pressure Test
      • Tie-Rod Articulation Torque
      • Steering Gear Valve
• General Procedures
  • Power Steering System Flushing
  • Power Steering System Purging
  • Power Steering System Filling