Repair and Diagnosis
- A L L Diagnostic Trouble Codes ( DTC )
- Relays and Modules
- Relays and Modules - Brakes and Traction Control
- Relays and Modules - Cruise Control
- Relays and Modules - Engine
- Relays and Modules - HVAC
- Relays and Modules - Instrument Panel
- Relays and Modules - Lighting and Horns
- Relays and Modules - Power and Ground Distribution
- Relays and Modules - Powertrain Management
- Relays and Modules - Transmission and Drivetrain
- Relays and Modules - Wiper and Washer Systems
- Sensors and Switches
- Sensors and Switches - Body and Frame
- Sensors and Switches - Brakes and Traction Control
- Sensors and Switches - Cooling System
- Sensors and Switches - Cruise Control
- Sensors and Switches - HVAC
- Sensors and Switches - Lighting and Horns
- Sensors and Switches - Powertrain Management
- Sensors and Switches - Computers and Control Systems
- Air Flow Meter/Sensor
- Camshaft Position Sensor
- Clutch Switch
- Coolant Temperature Sensor/Switch (For Computer)
- Crankshaft Position Sensor
- Cylinder Identification Sensor
- EGR Valve Position Sensor
- Air Temperature Sensor ( Ambient / Intake )
- Oxygen Sensor
- Pressure Feedback Exhaust Sensor
- Throttle Position Sensor
- Transmission Position Sensor/Switch
- Vehicle Speed Sensor
- Sensors and Switches - Emission Control Systems
- Sensors and Switches - Fuel Delivery and Air Induction
- Sensors and Switches - Ignition System
- Sensors and Switches - Computers and Control Systems
- Sensors and Switches - Starting and Charging
- Sensors and Switches - Transmission and Drivetrain
- Sensors and Switches - Windows and Glass
- Sensors and Switches - Wiper and Washer Systems
- Maintenance
- Alignment
- Tune-up and Engine Performance Checks
- Drive Belt
- Filters
- Hoses
- Fluids
- Brake Bleeding
- Fuses and Circuit Breakers
- Service Reminder Indicators
- Wheels and Tires
- Towing Information
- Service Intervals
- Severe Service Defined
- Routine Service
- Normal Service
- 7500 MI or 12000 KM
- 15000 MI or 24000 KM
- 22500 MI or 36000 KM
- 30000 MI or 48000 KM
- 37500 MI or 60000 KM
- 45000 MI or 72000 KM
- 52500 MI or 84000 KM
- 60000 MI or 96000 KM
- 67500 MI or 108000 KM
- 75000 MI or 120000 KM
- 82500 MI or 132000 KM
- 90000 MI or 144000 KM
- 97500 MI or 156000 KM
- 105000 MI or 168000 KM
- 112500 MI or 180000 KM
- 120000 MI or 192000 KM
- Severe Service
- 3000 MI or 4800 KM
- 6000 MI or 9600 KM
- 9000 MI or 14400 KM
- 12000 MI or 19200 KM
- 15000 MI or 24000 KM
- 18000 MI or 28800 KM
- 21000 MI or 33600 KM
- 24000 MI or 38400 KM
- 27000 MI or 43200 KM
- 30000 MI or 48000 KM
- 33000 MI or 52800 KM
- 36000 MI or 57600 KM
- 39000 MI or 62400 KM
- 42000 MI or 67200 KM
- 45000 MI or 72000 KM
- 48000 MI or 76800 KM
- 51000 MI or 81600 KM
- 54000 MI or 86400 KM
- 57000 MI or 91200 KM
- 60000 MI or 96000 KM
- 63000 MI or 100800 KM
- 66000 MI or 105600 KM
- 69000 MI or 110400 KM
- 72000 MI or 115200 KM
- 75000 MI or 120000 KM
- 78000 MI or 124800 KM
- 81000 MI or 129600 KM
- 84000 MI or 134400 KM
- 87000 MI or 139200 KM
- 90000 MI or 144000 KM
- 93000 MI or 148800 KM
- 96000 MI or 153600 KM
- 99000 MI or 158400 KM
- 100000 MI or 160000 KM
- 102000 MI or 163200 KM
- 105000 MI or 168000 KM
- 108000 MI or 172800 KM
- 111000 MI or 177600 KM
- 114000 MI or 182400 KM
- 117000 MI or 187200 KM
- 120000 MI or 192000 KM
- 123000 MI or 196800 KM
- 132000 MI or 211200 KM
- 141000 MI or 225600 KM
- 150000 MI or 240000 KM
Technical Service Bulletins
- Engine, Cooling and Exhaust
- Engine
- Compression Check
- Camshaft, Lifters and Push Rods
- Cylinder Block Assembly
- Cylinder Head Assembly
- Drive Belts, Mounts, Brackets and Accessories
- Engine Lubrication
- Intake Manifold
- Lamps and Indicators - Engine
- Relays and Modules - Engine
- Seals and Gaskets
- Timing Components
- Tune-up and Engine Performance Checks
- Water Pump
Service and Repair
Specifications- Technical Service Bulletins
Tools and Equipment
- Cooling System
- Coolant
- Radiator Cooling Fan
- Engine - Coolant Temperature Sensor/Switch
- Heater Core
- Lamps and Indicators - Cooling System
- Radiator Cap
- Sensors and Switches - Cooling System
- Temperature Gauge
- Temperature Warning Lamp/Indicator
- Thermostat
- Thermostat Housing
- Water Pump
Testing and Inspection- Initial Inspection and Diagnostic Overview
- Symptom Related Diagnostic Procedures
- Component Tests and General Diagnostics
- Service and Repair
- Specifications
- Technical Service Bulletins
- Fundamentals and Basics
- Exhaust System
- Engine
- Powertrain Management
- Relays and Modules - Powertrain Management
- Sensors and Switches - Powertrain Management
- Sensors and Switches - Computers and Control Systems
- Air Flow Meter/Sensor
- Camshaft Position Sensor
- Clutch Switch
- Coolant Temperature Sensor/Switch (For Computer)
- Crankshaft Position Sensor
- Cylinder Identification Sensor
- EGR Valve Position Sensor
- Air Temperature Sensor ( Ambient / Intake )
- Oxygen Sensor
- Pressure Feedback Exhaust Sensor
- Throttle Position Sensor
- Transmission Position Sensor/Switch
- Vehicle Speed Sensor
- Sensors and Switches - Emission Control Systems
- Sensors and Switches - Fuel Delivery and Air Induction
- Sensors and Switches - Ignition System
- Sensors and Switches - Computers and Control Systems
- Tune-up and Engine Performance Checks
- Computers and Control Systems
- A/C Signal
- Air Flow Meter/Sensor
- Air Temperature Sensor ( Ambient / Intake )
- Brake Signal
- Camshaft Position Sensor
- Clutch Switch
- Coolant Temperature Sensor/Switch (For Computer)
- Crankshaft Position Sensor
- Cylinder Identification Sensor
- Data Link Connector
- EGR Valve Position Sensor
- Engine Control Module
- Idle Speed/Throttle Actuator - Electronic
- Main Relay (Computer/Fuel System)
- Malfunction Indicator Lamp
- Oxygen Sensor
- Pressure Feedback Exhaust Sensor
- Relays and Modules - Computers and Control Systems
- Sensors and Switches - Computers and Control Systems
- Air Flow Meter/Sensor
- Camshaft Position Sensor
- Clutch Switch
- Coolant Temperature Sensor/Switch (For Computer)
- Crankshaft Position Sensor
- Cylinder Identification Sensor
- EGR Valve Position Sensor
- Air Temperature Sensor ( Ambient / Intake )
- Oxygen Sensor
- Pressure Feedback Exhaust Sensor
- Throttle Position Sensor
- Transmission Position Sensor/Switch
- Vehicle Speed Sensor
- Throttle Position Sensor
- Transmission Position Sensor/Switch
- Vehicle Speed Sensor
Service Precautions
Description and Operation- Testing and Inspection
- Flow of Diagnosis
- Initial Inspection and Diagnostic Overview
- Diagnostic Strategies
- Testing Notes - Start Here
- Customer Information Worksheet
- Verifying Customer Complaint
- Checking the Basics
- Quick Test Description
- General Testing Description
- Continuous Monitor Diagnostic Mode (Wiggle Test) Description
- Computed Timing Check Description
- Cylinder Balance Diagnostic Test Mode (SEFI Only) Description
- Output State Diagnostic Test Mode (DTM) Description
- Key On Engine Off (KOEO) Self Test Description
- Key On Engine Running (KOER) Self Test Description
- Analyzing Data
- Initial Inspection
- Diagnostic Strategies
- Reading and Clearing Diagnostic Trouble Codes
- Reading Diagnostic Trouble Codes
- Adaptive Strategy
- Address Continuous Memory DTC
- Base Ignition Timing Check
- Continuous Monitor Diagnostic Test Mode (Wiggle Test)
- Cylinder Balance Test
- Output State Diagnostic Test Mode
- Quick Test Appendix (Detailed Testing Instructions)
- Clearing Diagnostic Trouble Codes
- Reading Diagnostic Trouble Codes
- Diagnostic Trouble Code Tests and Associated Procedures
- Symptom Related Diagnostic Procedures
- Diagnostic Routines
- 1 - Engine Won't Crank
- 2 - Hard Start/Long Crank/Erratic Start/Erratic Crank
- 3 - Runs Rough At Idle; Stall After Start/At Idle
- 4 - No Start/Normal Crank
- 5 - Slow Return to Idle
- 6 - Misses At Idle; Rolling Idle
- 6 - Rolling Idle; Runs Rough At Idle
- 7 - Fast Idle; Diesels/Runs On
- 8 - Low/Slow Idle; Stalls/Quits During Deceleration
- 9 - Bucks/Jerks
- 9 - Hesitation/Stumble During Acceleration
- 9 - Misses/Runs Rough/Stalls During Acceleration/Cruise
- 11 - Surges During Acceleration/Cruise
- 12 - Backfires
- 13 - Lack/Loss of Power
- 14 - Spark Knock During Acceleration/Cruise
- 15 - Poor Fuel Economy
- 16 - Emissions Compliance
- 17 - Manual Transmission Concern (SIL)
- 17 - Warning Indicators (MIL, DCL, SIL, 4X4 Low)
- 18 - Auto Trans Shift Concerns (Up/Downshift, Engagement)
- 20 - High Oil Consumption, Leaks
- 21 - Overheating
- 22 - Runs Cold
- 23 - Visible Exhaust Smoke
- 24 - Fuel Odor In Engine Compartment
- 25 - Engine Noise
- 26 - Vibration Concerns
- 29 - Lack of Air Conditioning (A/C Not Functioning)
- 30 - A/C Always On
- 31 - A/C Does Not Cut Off Under WOT Conditions
- 32 - No Symptoms Present EEC-IV Quick Test
- 33 - Stoplamp Always On/Off
- 34 - Exhaust Odor (Sulphur/Rotten Egg Smell)
- Symptom Charts
- Intermittent Fault Diagnosis
- Diagnostic Routines
- Pinpoint Tests
- AC - EEC-IV No Start (Electronic Ignition-High Data Rate)
- AC - Testing Notes
- AC - Testing Schematic
- AC1 - Attempt to Crank Engine
- AC2 - Check For VREF At Throttle Position Sensor
- AC3 - Check For Spark At Plugs
- AC4 - Check Continuity of Ignition Ground Circuit
- AC5 - Check PIP Circuit For Short to Power
- AC6 - Check PIP Circuit Continuity
- AC7 - Check PIP Signal Circuit For Shorts to Ground
- AC8 - Isolate Opens In PIP Circuit In PCM
- AC9 - Check PIP Signal
- AC10 - Isolate Shorts In PCM
- AC11 - Check Fuel Pump
- B - Vehicle Battery
- B - Test Schematic
- B - Testing Notes
- B1 - Check Battery Voltage
- B2 - Check Power Ground Circuit Continuity
- B3 - Check for Open Between SIG RTN PWR GND Ckt At Processor
- B4 - Check Signal Return Circuit Continuity
- B5 - Check KAPWR Circuit Voltage At EEC Power Relay
- B6 - Check Ignition Circuit Voltage At EEC Power Relay
- B7 - Check Power Ground Circuit Continuity
- B8 - Check VPWR Circuit Continuity
- B9 - Check VPWR Circuit Voltage
- C - Reference Voltage
- C - Testing Notes
- C - Wiring Diagram
- C1 - Check Vehicle Battery Power Circuit
- C2 - Check VREF Voltage
- C3 - Check VREF and SIG RTN Circuits For Continuity
- C4 - Check For Excess Voltage On VREF Circuit
- C5 - Check For Shorted Throttle Position Sensor
- C6 - Check For Shorted EVP/PFE/DPFE Sensor
- C7 - Check For Shorted MAP/BARO Sensor
- C8 - Check VREF For Short to Ground
- DA - Temperature Sensor Test ACT and ECT
- DA - Sensor Data
- DA - Testing Notes
- DA - Testing Schematic
- DA1 - Code 21/116 or 24/114: Check Temperature Sensor
- DA2 - Check VREF Circuit Voltage At Throttle Position Sensor
- DA3 - Check Resistance of Temperature Sensor W/Engine Off
- DA4 - Check Resistance of Temperature Sensor W/Engine Running
- DA10 - Code 51/118 or 54/113: Induce Opposite Code
- DA11 - Check Continuity of Sensor Signal and SIG RTN Circuits
- DA20 - Code 61/117 or 64/112 Induce Opposite Code
- DA21 - Check VREF Circuit Voltage At Throttle Position Sensor
- DA22 - Check Temperature Sensor Circuit For Short to Ground
- DA90 - Continuous Memory Codes 51/118, 54/113, 61/117, 68/112
- DA91 - Check EEC-IV Vehicle Harness
- DA92 - Check Processor and Vehicle Harness Connectors
- DA100 - Continuous Memory Code 338
- DA101 - Continuous Memory Code 339
- DB - EGR Temperature Sensor
- DB - Testing Notes
- DB - Testing Schematic
- DB1 - Continuous Memory Code 327: Verify Condition
- DB2 - Induce Opposite Code
- DB3 - Check EGRT Circuit For Shorts to Ground
- DB5 - Continuous Memory Code 337: Verify Condition
- DB6 - Check EGRT Circuit For Shorts to Power
- DB7 - Induce Opposite Code
- DB8 - Check Continuity of Harness Circuits
- DB10 - Continuous Memory Code 326: Check Engine Idle
- DB11 - Verify Condition
- DB12 - Check Continuity of Harness Circuits
- DB20 - Continuous Memory Code 332: Check EGR Valve Holds Vacuum
- DB21 - Check EGR Valve Operation
- DB22 - Check For Continuous Memory Code 326
- DB90 - Check EEC-IV Vehicle Harness
- DB91 - Check Processor and Harness Connectors
- DC - Mass Air Flow (MAF) Sensor
- DC - Sensor Data
- DC - Testing Notes
- DC - Testing Schematic
- DC1 - Check VPWR Circuit Voltage
- DC2 - Check VPWR Circuit Voltage
- DC3 - Check MAF Sensor Ground
- DC10 - Check For Intermittent Sensor
- DC11 - Monitor MAF Circuit Under Simulated Road Shock
- DC12 - Check Vehicle Harness For Intermittent Opens or Shorts
- DC13 - Air Leak at MAF Sensor
- DC14 - Check Continuity of MAF and VPWR Circuits
- DC15 - Check MAF Circuit For Shorts to GND and MAF RTN Circuit
- DC16 - Check PWR GND Circuit Continuity
- DC17 - Check MAF RTN Circuit Continuity
- DC18 - Check MAF Circuit For Short to Ground
- DC19 - Check MAF Circuit Output
- DC20 - Check MAF Circuit Output
- DC21 - Rerun Self-Test W/MAF Sensor Disconnected
- DC22 - Check MAF Circuit For Short to VPWR
- DF - Manifold Absolute Pressure (MAP)/Barometric Pressure (BP)
- DG - Knock Sensor
- DH - Throttle Position (TP) Sensor
- DH - Sensor Data
- DH - Test Schematic
- DH - Testing Notes
- DH1 - Engine Running Service Code 23/121
- DH2 - Service Code 23/121: Check For Stuck Throttle Plate
- DH3 - Service Code 53/123: Attempt to Generate Code 63/122
- DH4 - Check VREF Circuit Voltage
- DH5 - Check TP Circuit For Shorts to Power
- DH10 - Service Code 63/122
- DH11 - Check VREF Circuit Voltage
- DH12 - Check TP Circuit Continuity
- DH13 - Check TP Circuit For Shorts to Ground
- DH20 - Engine Running Service Code 73/167
- DH21 - Check TP Sensor Movement During Dynamic Response Test
- DH90 - Continuous Memory Code 53/123
- DH91 - Measure TPS Voltage While Exercising Sensor
- DH92 - Check EEC Vehicle Harness
- DH93 - Check Processor and Harness Connectors
- DH94 - Continuous Memory Code 63/122
- DH95 - Check EEC Vehicle Harness
- DH96 - Check Processor and Harness Connectors
- DL - PFE/DPFE Sensor; EVR Solenoid Testing
- DL - Sensor Data
- DL - Testing Notes
- DL - Testing Schematic
- DL1 - Code 31/327: Induce Code 35/337
- DL2 - Measure VREF Circuit Voltage
- DL3 - Check PFE/DPFE Circuit Continuity
- DL4 - Check PFE/DPFE Circuit For Shorts to Ground and SIG RTN
- DL5 - Code 35/337: Induce Code 31/327
- DL6 - Measure VREF Circuit Voltage
- DL7 - Check PFE/DPFE Circuit For Short to Power
- DL8 - Service Code 34/335: Verify Engine Running Codes
- DL9 - Check PFE/DPFE Sensor Pressure Input Hose(s)
- DL10 - Measure VREF Circuit Voltage at PFE/DPFE Sensor
- DL11 - Service Code 84/558: Measure EVR Solenoid Resistance
- DL12 - Check VPWR Circuit Voltage
- DL13 - Check EVR Circuit Continuity
- DL14 - Check EVR Circuit For Short to Power or Ground
- DL20 - Remove Garage Forced Ventilation
- DL21 - Rerun Self-Test w/EGR Vacuum Line Disconnected
- DL22 - Check PFE/DPFE Sensor Pressure Input Hose For Blockage
- DL23 - Check PFE/DPFE Signal Voltage With Engine at Idle
- DL24 - Check EGR Valve For Binding
- DL25 - Engine Running Codes 34/336 & 35/337
- DL26 - Check PFE Signal Voltage
- DL27 - Check PFE and SIG RTN Harness Circuit Continuity
- DL28 - Check PFE Harness Circuit For Shorts to Power
- DL30 - Code 33/332: Verify Vacuum Present At EGR Valve
- DL31 - Check Vacuum Input to the EVR Solenoid
- DL34 - Check Signal at the PFE/DPFE Inlet Hose(s)
- DL35 - Attempt to Generate KOEO Code 337
- DL36 - Measure VREF Circuit Voltage
- DL37 - Check PFE/DPFE Harness Circuit Continuity
- DL38 - Check PFE/DPFE Harness For Shorts to Ground and SIG RTN
- DL50 - Code 336 or 337: Check For EVR Malfunction
- DL51 - Check DPFE Signal Voltage With Engine At Idle
- DL52 - Check EGR Valve For Binding
- DL90 - All Continuous Memory EGR DTC: Intermittent Verification
- DL91 - All Continuous Memory EGR DTCs: Visual Inspection
- DL92 - All Continuous Memory EGR DTCs: Code Definitions
- DL93 - Code 326, 327, 336, 337: Wiggle Test Sensor
- DL94 - Wiggle Test EEC-IV Vehicle Harness
- DL95 - Check PCM Connector
- DL96 - Check EGR Valve For Sticking
- DL97 - Check EVR Solenoid and Hoses
- DL98 - Check EVR Solenoids For Shorts
- DL99 - Check EVR Harness Circuit For Intermittents
- DL100 - Inspect PFE Supply Hose For Blockage
- DL101 - Check Vacuum at EGR Valve
- DL102 - Check For Stuck Open EGR Valve
- DL105 - Code 332: Check EGR Valve Operation
- DL106 - Inspect EVR Solenoid Hoses
- DL107 - Inspect PFE/DPFE Signal Line(s)
- DL108 - Inspect EVR Solenoid
- DN - EGR Valve Position Sensor/EGR Vacuum Regulator Solenoid
- DN - Testing Notes
- DN - Testing Schematic
- DN1 - Code 31/327: Attempt to Generate Code 35/337
- DN2 - Check VREF Circuit Voltage
- DN3 - Check EVP Circuit Continuity
- DN4 - Check EVP Circuit For Short to Ground
- DN5 - Code 35/337: Attempt to Generate Code 31/327
- DN6 - Check VREF Circuit Voltage
- DN7 - Check EVP Circuit For Short to Power
- DN10 - Service Code 84/558: Check Resistance of EVR Solenoid
- DN11 - Check VPWR Circuit Voltage
- DN12 - Check EVR Circuit Continuity
- DN13 - Check EVR Circuit For Short to Power or Ground
- DN20 - Code 34/334: Check For Code 84/558
- DN21 - Rerun Self-Test With EGR Vacuum Disconnected
- DN22 - Check EVP Sensor and EGR Valve Operation
- DN23 - Check EVP Signal Voltage
- DN24 - Fault Isolation Check
- DN25 - Service Code 32/328: Check EVP Sensor and EGR Valve
- DN26 - Check EVP Signal Voltage
- DN27 - Substitute EVP Sensor
- DN40 - Service Code 33/332: Verify Vacuum At EGR Valve
- DN41 - Verify Vacuum Supply to EVR Solenoid
- DN42 - Check Vacuum Hose Between EVR Solenoid & EGR Valve
- DN43 - Check EVP Sensor and EGR Valve Operation
- DN44 - Check EGR Valve Function
- DN90 - Continuous Code 32/328, 31/327 or 35/337
- DN91 - Check Vehicle Harness For Intermittent Opens or Shorts
- DN92 - Check Voltage While Exercising EGR Valve
- DN110 - Continuous Codes 33/332: Check EGR Valve Function
- DN111 - Check Vacuum Hose to and From EVR Solenoid
- DN112 - Check EVR Solenoid and Harness For Intermittent Fault
- DN115 - Continuous Code 34/334: Check EGR Vacuum Running
- DN116 - Check EVR Signal For Intermittent Short
- DN117 - Check EVP Signal At Processor With Engine Idling
- DP - Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS)
- DR - Cylinder Identification (CID) Sensor
- DR - Test Schematic
- DR - Testing Notes
- DR1 - Continuous Code 214: Will Engine Start
- DR2 - Clear and Attempt to Re-Generate Code 214
- DR3 - Check CID Circuit Continuity to PCM
- DR4 - Check CID Circuit For Short to Power
- DR5 - Check CID Circuit For Short to Ground
- DR6 - Check VPWR Circuit Voltage
- DR7 - Check For Shorts In PCM
- DR8 - Check CMP or CKP Sensor Output
- DR10 - Check For VPWR to Crank Angle Sensor
- DR20 - Check CID Wiring
- DR21 - Road Test
- DS - Programmable Speedometer/Odometer Module
- FD - Brake On/Off (BOO) Switch
- FD - Testing Notes
- FD - Testing Schematic
- FD1 - Service Code 74/536: Verify Brake Was Pressed
- FD2 - Check Operation of Stoplamps
- FD3 - Check For BOO Circuit Cycling
- FD4 - Check For Power to Brake Switch
- FD5 - Verify Brake Switch Is Not Always Closed
- FD6 - Check For Short to Power In Processor
- FD7 - Check For Short to Power In Shiftlock Actuator
- FD90 - Check For Proper Stoplamp Switch Installation
- FD91 - Check Stoplamp Ground
- FD92 - Check Stoplamp/BOO Circuits For Short to Power
- FD93 - Check Stoplamp Circuit Continuity
- FD94 - Check BOO Circuit Continuity
- FD99 - Road Test
- FE - Electrical Load Inputs
- FE - Testing Notes
- FE - Testing Schematic
- FE1 - Electrical Load Switch Test Direction
- FE10 - Check Voltage of BLR Circuit, Low Speed Position
- FE11 - Check Voltage of BLR Circuit, High Speed Position
- FE12 - Check BLR Circuit For Short to Power
- FE13 - Check BLR Circuit Continuity
- FE14 - Check BLR Circuit For Short to Ground
- FE20 - Check Voltage of DRL Circuit, Park Brake & Headlamps On
- FE21 - Check Voltage of DRL Circuit, Park Brake & Headlamps Off
- FE22 - Check DRL Circuit For Short to Power
- FE23 - Check DRL Circuit Continuity
- FE24 - Check DRL Circuit For Short to Ground
- FE30 - Check Voltage of HDL Circuit, Headlamps Off
- FE31 - Check Voltage of HDL Circuit, Headlamps On
- FE32 - Check HDL Circuit Continuity
- FE33 - Check HDL Circuit For Short to Ground
- FE34 - Check HDL Circuit For Short to Power
- FE40 - Check Voltage of DEF Circuit, Defrost Off
- FE41 - Check Voltage of DEF Circuit, Defrost On
- FE42 - Check DEF Circuit For Short to Power
- FE43 - Check DEF Circuit For Continuity
- FE44 - Check DEF Circuit For Short to Ground
- FF - Power Steering Pressure (PSP) Switch
- FF - Testing Notes
- FF - Testing Schematic
- FF1 - Service Code 52/519: Attempt to Eliminate Code 52/519
- FF2 - Check Continuity of PSPS Circuit
- FF3 - Check PSPS Operation
- FF4 - Check PSPS Circuits For Shorts
- FF5 - Verify Operator Interaction Service Code 52/521
- FF6 - Determine If the Processor Can Identify an Open Circuit
- FF7 - Check PSPS Circuits For Shorts
- FF8 - Check PSPS State With KOEO vs. KOER
- FF9 - Check PSPS State With Engine Running and Load vs. No Load
- FF10 - Service Code 519: Attempt to Eliminate Code 519
- FF11 - Check PSPS Circuit For Short
- FF15 - Check PSPS Operation
- FF16 - Check Continuity of PSPS Circuits
- FF21 - Determine If the Processor Can Identify A Closed Circuit
- FF22 - Check Continuity of PSPS Circuit
- FF23 - Check PSPS State W/Key On Engine Off Vs. Engine Running
- FF24 - Check PSPS State w/Engine Running and Load vs. No Load
- G - In-Range MAF/TPS/Fuel Injector Pulse Width Test
- G - Testing Notes
- G1 - Throttle Position Sensor Integrity
- G2 - Check Idle
- G3 - Check Throttle Body
- G4 - Check MAP/BARO Sensor Output
- G5 - Check Intake Air Temperature (IAT) Sensor
- G6 - Visually Inspect MAF Sensor
- G7 - Check MAF Sensor
- G8 - Visually Inspect For Vacuum Leaks
- G9 - Check Fuel Pressure
- G10 - Check System's Ability to Hold Fuel Pressure
- G11 - Cylinder Balance Test
- H - Fuel Control
- H - Fuel Injector Resistance Specification Table
- H - Fuel Pressure Specification Table
- H - Test Schematic
- H - Testing Notes
- H1 - Check For Contaminated Engine Oil
- H2 - Check Fuel Pressure
- H3 - Check Systems Ability to Hold Fuel Pressure
- H4 - Fuel Delivery Test
- H5 - Cylinder Balance Test: EFI Engines
- H6 - Cylinder Balance Test: SEFI Engines Only
- H7 - Check Resistance of Injector(s) and Harness EFI Engines
- H8 - Check Resistance of Injector(s) and Harness SEFI Engines
- H9 - Check Continuity of Fuel Injector Harness
- H10 - Check Injector Harness Circuit For Short to Power/Ground
- H11 - Isolate Faulty Injector Circuit
- H12 - Check Injector Driver Signal
- H13 - Check Secondary Air Injection Operation
- H14 - Check HEGO Integrity
- H15 - Check HEGO Sensor On Engines With MAP Sensor
- H16 - Check HEGO Sensor On Engines With MAF Sensor
- H17 - Check Continuity of HEGO Signal Circuit and HEGO Ground
- H18 - Check HEGO Circuit For Short to Ground
- H19 - Check HEGO Sensor For Short to Ground
- H20 - Attempt to Eliminate Code 41/172, 91/136 or 176
- H21 - Check Resistance of Heated Element On HEGO
- H22 - Check For Power At HEGO Harness Connector
- H23 - Check Continuity of Power Ground Circuit
- H24 - Check HEGO Signal For Short to Power
- H25 - Check For Short to Power
- H26 - Check HEGO Sensor For Short to Ignition Run Circuit
- H27 - Attempt to Generate Code 41/172, 91/136, 176
- H28 - Check MAP Sensor For Vacuum Leak
- H29 - Check For Loss of Vacuum to MAP Sensor
- H30 - HEGO Sensor Check
- H90 - Check Continuous Monitor Mode
- H91 - Continuous Monitor Test Drive Check
- H92 - Check HEGO Switching
- HA - Adaptive Fuel
- HA - Fuel Injector Resistance Specifications
- HA - Fuel Pressure Specifications
- HA - MAP/BP Sensor Data
- HA - Testing Notes
- HA1 - Check For Other Codes
- HA2 - Check Fuel Pressure
- HA3 - Check System's Ability to Hold Fuel Pressure
- HA4 - Check MAP/BARO Frequency
- HA5 - Diagnostic Test Mode (DTM): MFI Engines
- HA6 - Diagnostic Test Mode (DTM): SFI Engines
- HA7 - Check Resistance of Injector(s) and Harness - MFI Engines
- HA8 - Check Resistance of Injector(s) and Harness - SFI Engines
- HA9 - Check Continuity of Fuel Injector Harness
- HA10 - Check Injector Harness For Short to Power or Ground
- HA11 - Isolate Faulty Injector Circuit
- HA12 - Check Injector Driver Signal
- J - Fuel Pump Circuit
- J - Testing Notes
- J - Testing Schematic
- J1 - Code 87/556: Check For VPWR to Fuel Pump Relay
- J2 - Check Fuel Pump Relay
- J3 - Check Fuel Pump Circuit For Short to Power
- J4 - Check Fuel Pump Circuit For Short to Ground
- J5 - Check Fuel Pump Circuit Continuity
- J10 - Code 95/542: Does Engine Start
- J11 - Verify That Fuel Pump Is Off
- J12 - Check For Fuel Pump Relay Always Closed
- J13 - Check FPM Circuit Continuity
- J15 - Check Inertia Fuel Shutoff (IFS) Switch
- J20 - Code 96/543: Does Engine Start
- J21 - Check For B(+) to Fuel Pump Relay
- J22 - Check Power to Pump Circuit Continuity
- J25 - Check Left/Front Heated Oxygen Sensor or Short to Power
- J26 - Check HO2S Circuit For Short to Power
- J90 - Continuous Code 95/542: Check EEC-IV Harness
- J91 - Check FPM Circuit
- J92 - Check For Shorts to Power
- J93 - Continuous Code 96/543: Check Code 87/556
- J94 - Check EEC-IV Harness
- J95 - Continuous Code 87/556: Check EEC-IV Harness
- J96 - Check Left/Front HEGO Circuit For Short to Power
- J99 - Road Test
- KA - EGR Vacuum Regulator Solenoid
- KA - Testing Notes
- KA - Testing Schematic
- KA1 - KOEO Service Code 558: Enter Output State Check
- KA2 - Check EVR Solenoid Electrical Operation
- KA3 - Check EVR Solenoid Valve Operation
- KA4 - Check Vacuum Hose From the EVR Solenoid to Throttle Body
- KA5 - Check Vacuum Hose From EVR to Back Pressure Transducer
- KA6 - Check EVR Solenoid VPWR
- KA7 - Check Continuity of EVR Solenoid Signal Harness Circuit
- KA8 - Check EVR Solenoid Signal Harness Circuit For Short
- KB - Canister Purge (CANP) Valve
- KB - Test Schematic
- KB - Testing Notes
- KB1 - Code 565: Enter Output State Diagnostic Test Mode (DTM)
- KB2 - Check CANP Valve Electrical Operation
- KB3 - Check CANP Valve Resistance
- KB4 - Check CANP Valve For Vacuum Leaks
- KB5 - Check CANP Valve Electro-Mechanical Operation
- KB6 - Check For Vacuum to CANP Valve Input Port
- KB7 - Check VPWR Circuit Voltage
- KB8 - Check Continuity of CANP Circuit
- KB9 - Check CANP Circuit For Short to Power
- KB10 - Check CANP Circuit For Short to Ground
- KD - Canister Purge (CANP) Solenoid
- KD - Testing Notes
- KD - Testing Schematic
- KD1 - Enter Output State Diagnostic Test Mode
- KD2 - Check Canister Purge Solenoid Electrical Operation
- KD3 - Check Canister Purge Solenoid For Vacuum Leaks
- KD4 - Check Canister Purge Solenoid For Mechanical Operation
- KD5 - Check For Vacuum to Canister Purge Solenoid
- KD6 - Service Code 85/565, 569: Check CANP Solenoid Resistance
- KD7 - Check VPWR Circuit Voltage
- KD8 - Check Continuity of CANP Circuit
- KD9 - Check CANP Circuit For Short to Ground
- KD10 - Check CANP Circuit For Short to Power
- KE - Idle Speed Control
- KE - Test Notes
- KE - Test Schematic
- KE1 - Service Code 12/412, 16: Check For RPM Drop
- KE2 - Check For EGR Codes
- KE3 - Check For Other EEC Codes
- KE4 - Measure ISC Solenoid Resistance
- KE5 - Check For Internal Short to ISC Solenoid Case
- KE6 - Check VPWR Circuit Voltage
- KE7 - Check ISC Circuit Continuity
- KE8 - Check ISC Circuit For Short to Ground
- KE9 - Check ISC Circuit For Short to Power
- KE10 - Check For ISC Signal From the Processor
- KE11 - Check Idle
- KE12 - Check For Problems Affecting Proper Engine Speed
- KE15 - Code 13/411
- KE16 - Check For Conditions Affecting Idle
- KE17 - Check For Internal Short to ISC Solenoid Case
- KE18 - Check ISC Circuit For Short to Ground
- KE19 - Check Processor Output
- KE20 - Check For Proper Engine Coolant Flow to ISC-BPA Valve
- KE25 - Lack High Idle W/Cold: Verify ISC-BPA Not Stuck Closed
- KE30 - Code 415: Check For Air Leaks
- KE31 - Check For Vacuum Leaks at Idle
- KE32 - Inspect Throttle Body and Linkage
- KE33 - Check Idle Speed
- KE35 - Code 416: Check For A Plugged Air Filter
- KE36 - Check IAC Solenoid and Throttle Body For Damage
- KE37 - Check Idle Speed
- KL - Shift Indicator Light (SIL)
- KL - Testing Notes
- KL1 - Check SIL Light
- KL2 - Check SIL Circuit Fuse
- KL3 - Check SIL Bulb
- KL4 - Check SIL Dimmer Relay Continuity
- KL5 - Check SIL Dimmer Relay Function
- KL6 - Check Voltage At SIL Dimmer Relay
- KL7 - Check Continuity of SIL Circuit
- KL8 - Check SIL Circuit For Short to Ground
- KL9 - Check SIL Dimmer Relay For Internal Short to Ground
- KL10 - Check SIL Circuit For Short to Ground
- KL11 - Check SIL Circuit For Short to Ground
- KL15 - Check For Voltage to SIL Socket
- KL16 - Check Operation of Top Gear Switch
- KL17 - Check Continuity of SIL Circuit
- KL18 - Operation of the Thunderbird SC SIL
- KL19 - Check SIL Circuit Fuse
- KL20 - Check SIL Bulb
- KL21 - Check For Voltage to SIL Socket
- KL22 - Check Continuity of SIL Circuit
- KL23 - Check SIL Circuit For Short to Ground
- KM - WOT A/C Cut-Off (WAC) A/C Demand
- KM - Test Schematic
- KM - Testing Notes
- KM1 - No A/C: Check For Voltage to A/C Clutch
- KM2 - Check Power-to-Clutch Circuit Continuity
- KM3 - Check For Power On A/C Demand Circuit
- KM4 - Check Continuity Between WAC Relay and A/C Relay
- KM5 - Check WAC Circuit For Short to Ground
- KM6 - Check For Voltage at ACCS/ACD Input to PCM
- KM7 - Check WAC Relay
- KM15 - No A/C Cutout At WOT: Enter Output State Check
- KM16 - Check For VPWR to Relay
- KM17 - Check For WAC Cycling
- KM18 - Check WAC Circuit Continuity
- KM19 - Check WAC Circuit For Short to Power
- KM30 - Check A/C Input Circuitry
- KM31 - Check A/C Input Circuit
- KM32 - Cycle A/C Demand Switch
- KM40 - Code 67, 79/539: Check A/C Input
- KM41 - Check For Short to Power In Processor
- KM50 - No A/C - Attempt to Generate Code 539
- KM51 - Check For B+ Voltage to A/C Relay
- KM52 - Check Power to Clutch Circuit Continuity
- KM53 - Check A/C Relay
- KM55 - Check ACD Circuit Continuity to Low Pressure Switch
- KM56 - Measure Resistance of LP Switch
- KM57 - Check ACD Circuit Continuity From LP Switch to PCM
- KM60 - Code 559: Check For IGN Run Voltage to A/C Relay
- KM61 - Check A/C Relay
- KM62 - Check ACON Circuit For Short to Power
- KM63 - Check ACON Circuit For Short to Ground
- KM64 - Check ACON Circuit Continuity
- KM70 - Service Code 539: Check A/C Input
- KM71 - Check Low Pressure Switch
- KM72 - Check ACD Circuit to Processor For Short to Ground
- KM80 - A/C Always On: Check Clutch Circuit For Short to Power
- KM81 - Check A/C Relay
- KN - Fuel Pressure Regulator Control Solenoid
- KN - Testing Notes
- KN - Testing Schematic
- KN1 - KOEO Service Code 554: Enter Output State Check
- KN2 - Fuel Pressure Regulator Solenoid Electrical Operation
- KN3 - Check Vacuum Between Fuel Regulator and FPRC Solenoid
- KN4 - Check Vacuum Signal Between FPRC Solenoid and Manifold
- KN5 - Check FPRC Solenoid
- KN6 - Check FPRC Circuit Continuity
- KN7 - Check FPRC Circuit For Short to Power and Ground
- KP - Octane Adjust
- KP - Testing Notes
- KP - Testing Schematic
- KP1 - Inspect Octane Adjust Inline Connector Code 57/341
- KP2 - Check For Modification Decal
- KP3 - Check For Service Code 57/341
- KP4 - Check Continuity of Octane Adjust Circuit
- KP5 - Check For Service Code 11
- KP6 - Verify In-Line Connector Shorting Bar Is Installed
- KP7 - Check For Modification Decal
- KP8 - Check For TSB
- KP9 - Remove Octane Shorting Bar
- KP10 - Check Octane Adjust Circuit For A Short to Ground
- KP11 - Check Processor Integrity
- KT - Intake Air Control Valve (IAC) System
- M - Dynamic Response Test
- ML - Self-Test Output/Malfunction Indicator Lamp
- ML - Testing Notes
- ML - Testing Schematic
- ML1 - Malfunction Indicator Light Always On
- ML4 - Malfunction Indicator Light Never On
- ML5 - Check For VBAT At MIL Fuse
- ML6 - Check For B+ at MIL Bulb/Socket
- ML7 - Check MIL Bulb Response to Grounding
- ML8 - Check MIL Circuit Continuity
- ML10 - Malfunction Indicator Light Intermittent On
- ML15 - Malfunction Indicator Light Flashing with Erratic Idle
- ML20 - "Check Engine" Message Displayed
- ML25 - Continuous Code 529, "Check Engine"/"Check DCL"
- NC - EDIS Ignition Diagnostic Monitor
- NC - Testing Notes
- NC - Testing Schematic
- NC1 - Continuous Code 211: Erratic Ignition
- NC2 - Service Code 226: IDM Circuit Failure
- NC3 - Continuous Code 212: Check For Other EEC Codes
- NC4 - Continuous Codes 212: Check IDM Circuit Continuity
- NC5 - Check IDM Circuit For Shorts to Power (Excluding VREF)
- NC6 - Check IDM Circuit For Short to VREF and PIP
- NC7 - Check IDM Circuit For Short to Ground
- NC8 - Check EDIS Module
- NC9 - Check EEC-IV Harness
- NC10 - Check Processor and Harness Connectors
- NC11 - Check PCM For Short to Power
- NC12 - Check PCM For Short to Ground
- PC - Spark Timing Check - EDIS
- QA - No Codes/Codes Not Listed
- QA - Test Schematic
- QA - Testing Notes
- QA1 - Check VREF Voltage At Self-Test Connector
- QA2 - Check SIG RTN Circuit Continuity
- QA3 - Check STI Circuit Continuity
- QA4 - Check STO Circuit Continuity
- QA5 - Check HO2S Signal For Short to Power
- QA6 - Isolate Short to Harness or HO2S
- QA7 - Check STO Circuit For Short to Ground
- QA8 - Check If Power Relay Is Always On
- QA9 - Check VPWR Circuit For Short to Power
- QA10 - Check MIL Function
- QB - Continuous Memory Service Code 15/512
- QC - Output State Check Not Functioning
- S - System Check
- TA - Neutral Drive Input
- TB - 4X4 Low/Overdrive Cancel Switch
- TB - Testing Notes
- TB - Testing Schematic
- TB1 - Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) 47/633
- TB2 - Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) 65/632
- TB3 - Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) 97/631
- TB4 - Cycle the Appropriate Circuit: (4X4 Low or Transmission)
- TB5 - Check Harness Circuit(s) For Short to Ground
- TB6 - Check Key Power Through TCIL Circuit
- TB7 - Check Output Driver Signal
- TB8 - Check Continuity of Control Switch Harness
- TB9 - Check Harness Circuit(s) For Shorts to Power
- TC - Transmission Solenoids
- TC - Testing Notes
- TC - Testing Schematic
- TC1 - Enter Output State Diagnostic Test Mode
- TC2 - Check Solenoid Electrical Operation
- TC3 - Check Continuity of Solenoid Signal and VPWR Harness
- TC4 - Check Solenoid Harness For Shorts to Power or Ground
- TC10 - Check VPWR to Solenoid
- TC11 - Check Continuity of Solenoid Signal and VPWR Harness
- TC12 - Check Harness For Short to Power or Ground
- TC20 - Key On Engine Off Service Code 621/622/641/643
- TC21 - Check Shift Solenoid Circuit For Short to Power
- TC22 - Check Shift Solenoid Circuit For Short to Ground
- TC23 - Check Shift Solenoid Circuit Continuity
- TC24 - Check Shift Solenoid For Short to Power In Transmission
- TC25 - Inspect Transmission Wiring
- TC30 - Continuous Codes 621/622/641/643
- TC31 - Check Harness and Connectors For Opens or Shorts
- TC32 - Check Harness For Intermittent Shorts to Ground
- TD - Manual Lever Position (MLP) Sensor
- TD - Manual Lever Position Sensor Resistance Spec. Table
- TD - Testing Notes
- TD1 - Key On Engine Off Service Code 67/634, 522 and 654
- TD2 - Check Continuity of MLP Sensor Harness Circuits
- TD3 - Check MLP Sensor Circuit For Short to Power and Ground
- TD4 - Check MLP Sensor Resistance
- TD9 - Transmission In 3RD Gear Only When In "D" and "OD"
- TD10 - Service Code 634: Check Symptom
- TD11 - Check For IGN Start/Run Circuit Voltage At Transmission
- TD12 - Check Function of the Transmission Select Switches
- TD13 - Check Transmission Switch Input Voltages At Breakout Box
- TD14 - Check Adjustment/External Wiring of the Manual Lever
- TD20 - Visually Check Harness Between EEC-IV and Transmission
- TD21 - Check Harness and Connectors For Intermittent Problems
- TD22 - Road Test
- TE - Transmission Oil Temperature Sensor
- TE - Sensor Data
- TE - Testing Notes
- TE1 - KOEO and KOER Service Code 26 or 636
- TE2 - Check For VREF At Throttle Position Sensor
- TE3 - Check TOT Sensor Resistance Change As Oil Temp Varies
- TE10 - KOEO Service Code 56 or 637
- TE11 - Check Continuity of TOT and SIG RTN Circuits
- TE12 - Check TOT Circuit For Short to VPWR
- TE20 - KOEO Service Code 66 or 638
- TE21 - Check VREF At the Throttle Position Sensor
- TE22 - Check TOT Circuit For Short to Ground
- TE25 - Check Transmission Wiring
- TE90 - Continuous Code 637/638
- TE100 - Continuous Code 68/657: Rerun KOEO Self Test
- TF - Transmission Speed Sensor
- TF - Testing Notes
- TF1 - Engine Running Code 639
- TF2 - Check TSS/OSS Harness Circuit For Short to Power/Ground
- TF3 - Check TSS or OSS Resistance
- TF10 - Engine Running Service Code 639
- TF11 - Check TSS Circuits For Short to Power
- TF12 - Check TSS Circuit For Short to Ground or Each Other
- TF13 - Check TSS Circuit Continuity
- TF14 - Check Processor For Internal Shorts
- TF15 - Check TSS Output
- TF90 - Continuous Code 639
- TF91 - Check TSS or OSS Circuit Continuity
- TF92 - Check TSS or OSS Circuit For Short to Power or Ground
- TF93 - Check TSS or OSS Resistance
- TF95 - Continuous Code 639: Check TSS Wiring
- TF96 - Check Processor and Harness Connectors
- TF97 - Road Test
- TG - Electronic Transmission - Continuous Memory Service Codes
- AC - EEC-IV No Start (Electronic Ignition-High Data Rate)
- Component Tests and General Diagnostics
- Scan Tool Testing and Procedures
- Normal Scan Data Values (Includes PIDs)
- Sensor Graphs and Charts
- Air Charge Temperature (ACT) Sensor
- Barometric and Manifold Absolute Pressure (BP/MAP) Sensors
- EGR Valve Position (EVP) Sensor
- Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) Sensor
- Fuel Pressure
- Manual Lever Position Sensor (MLPS)
- Mass Air Flow (MAF) Sensor
- Pressure Feedback EGR (PFE) Sensor
- Throttle Position (TP) Sensor
- Transmission Oil Temperature Sensor
Locations- Service and Repair
Diagrams- Specifications
- Technical Service Bulletins
- Tools and Equipment
- Emission Control Systems
- Air Injection
- Air Injection Vacuum Control Solenoid Valve
- Vacuum Check Valve
- Vacuum Delay Valve
- Testing and Inspection
- Diagnosis By Symptom
- Secondary Air Injection Functional Diagnosis
- AIR1 - Visual Inspection of Silencer/Filter
- AIR2 - Check For Obstructions
- AIR3 - Check Belt Tension
- AIR4 - Check Air Pump Operation
- AIR5 - Check Silencer/Filter For Obstruction
- AIR6 - Check Air Pump Resonator
- AIR7 - Check For Vacuum at the AIRB Valve
- AIR8 - Inspect AIRB Valve
- AIR9 - Check AIRB Valve Diaphragm
- AIR10 - Check AIRB Operation/Flow
- AIR11 - Check AIRB Operation/Dump
- AIR12 - Visually Inspect AIRD Valve
- AIR13 - Check For Vacuum at AIRD Valve
- AIR14 - Check For Vacuum to Drop
- AIR15 - Check AIRD Valve Diaphragm
- AIR16 - Check For Air Supply at AIRD Valve
- AIR17 - Check For Air at Outlet A
- AIR18 - Check For Air at Outlet B
- AIR19 - Visually Inspect Combination AIRB/AIRD Valve
- AIR20 - Check Combination AIRB/AIRD Valve
- AIR21 - Check For Manifold Vacuum
- AIR22 - Check Combination AIRB/AIRD Valve Operation
- AIR23 - Check Combination AIRB/AIRD Valve Operation
- AIR24 - Visually Inspect Check Valve System (Externally)
- AIR25 - Visually Inspect Hoses at Valves (Internally)
- AIR26 - Inspect Check Valve Function
- AIR27 - Check Air Solenoid
- AIR28 - Check Air Solenoid
- AIR29 - Check Vacuum Reservoir For Vacuum
- AIR30 - Check Reservoir to Hold Vacuum
- AIR31 - Check Vacuum Reservoir Ability to Hold Vacuum
- AIR32 - Check Vacuum Reservoir Function
- AIR33 - Check Air Flow at Check Valve
- AIR34 - Verify Check Valve's Ability to Hold Vacuum
- AIR35 - Visually Inspect Pair Valve System (Externally)
- AIR36 - Visually Inspect Hoses at Valve (Internally)
- AIR37 - Inspect For Valve Function
- AIR38 - Check Pair Valve Operation For Open
- AIR39 - Check Pair Valve Operation For Closed
- AIR40 - Check For Vacuum at Pair Valve
- AIR41 - Check For Pair Solenoid Function
- AIR42 - Check For Blockage
- Secondary Air Injection System Noise Test
- Catalytic Converter
- Evaporative Emissions System
- Exhaust Gas Recirculation
- Fillpipe Restrictor
- Positive Crankcase Ventilation
- Sensors and Switches - Emission Control Systems
- Thermostatic Air Cleaner
- Thermostatic Air Cleaner Vacuum Switch
- Description and Operation
- Testing and Inspection
- Symptom Related Diagnostic Procedures
- Pinpoint Tests
- AIS 1 - Vacuum Motor Check
- AIS 2 - Duct and Valve Check
- AIS 3 - Bimetal Sensor Check
- AIS 4 - Air Filter Check
- AIS 5 - Sealing Integrity
- AIS 6 - Check Torque
- AIS 7 - Check IMRC Housing Assembly Function at Idle
- AIS 8 - Check IMRC Housing Assembly Function at High Speed
- AIS 9 - Check For Correct Vacuum at IMRC Solenoid Outlet
- AIS 10 - Check For Vacuum at IMRC Actuator Inlet Port
- AIS 11 - Check For Vacuum at IMRC Solenoid Outlet Port
- AIS 12 - Check For Vacuum at IMRC Actuator Inlet Port
- AIS 13 - Check For Vacuum Signal at IMRC Sol. Outlet
- AIS 14 - IMRC Solenoid Functional Check
- AIS 15 - IMRC Housing Assembly Bench Test - Actuator Check
- AIS 16 - IMRC Assembly Bench Test - Freedom of Movement Check
- Vacuum Restrictor
- Service Precautions
- Application and ID
- Description and Operation
- Testing and Inspection
- Flow of Diagnosis
- Symptom Related Diagnostic Procedures
- Component Tests and General Diagnostics
- Locations
- Diagrams
- Technical Service Bulletins
- Tools and Equipment
- Air Injection
- Fuel Delivery and Air Induction
- Fuel Pressure
- Fuel Pressure Release
- Idle Speed
- Air/Fuel Mixture
- Accelerator Pedal
- Air Cleaner Housing
- Air Flow Meter/Sensor
- Diagnostic Connector - Fuel Pump
- Fillpipe Restrictor
- Fuel
- Fuel Filler Cap
- Fuel Filter
- Fuel Injector
- Fuel Line Coupler
- Fuel Pressure Check Valve
- Fuel Pressure Regulator
- Fuel Pressure Test Port
- Fuel Pump
- Fuel Pressure
- Fuel Pump Relay
- Service Precautions
- Description and Operation
- Testing and Inspection
- A1 - Check Static Fuel Pressure
- A2 - Fuel Line Check
- A3 - Fuel Line and Filter Check
- A4 - Pump Voltage Check
- A5 - Fuel Pressure Regulator Check
- A6 - Inertia Switch Check
- A7 - Fuel Pump/Tank Connector Check
- A8 - Fuel Pump Relay Check
- A9 - Powertrain Control Module Relay Check
- A10 - Check Valve Test
- A11 - Fuel Line and Connector Leak Check
- A12 - Check Valve Test, Return Line Plugged
- A13 - Check Valve Test, Regulator Replaced
- A14 - Engine On Test
- A15 - Fuel Line and Filter Check
- A16 - Pump Voltage Check
- A17 - Pressure Regulator Check
- A18 - High Speed Test
- Locations
- Service and Repair
- Diagrams
- Technical Service Bulletins
- Fuel Rail
- Fuel Return Line
- Fuel Supply Line
- Fuel Tank
- Idle Speed/Throttle Actuator - Electronic
- Inertia Fuel Shutoff Switch
- Main Relay (Computer/Fuel System)
- Relays and Modules - Fuel Delivery and Air Induction
- Rollover Valve
- Sensors and Switches - Fuel Delivery and Air Induction
- Throttle Body
- Throttle Cable/Linkage
- Throttle Position Sensor
- Service Precautions
- Description and Operation
- Testing and Inspection
- Symptom Related Diagnostic Procedures
- Pinpoint Tests
- AIS - Air Induction Diagnosis
- Air Induction System Leak Test
- Symptom Index
- AIS1 - Preliminary Checks For Hesitates/Stalls on Acceleration
- AIS2 - Preliminary Checks For Lack of Power
- AIS3 - Preliminary Checks For Poor Fuel Economy
- AIS4 - Air Filter Check
- AIS5 - Sealing Integrity
- AIS6 - Check Torque
- AIS7 - Vacuum Motor Check
- AIS8 - Duct and Valve Check
- AIS9 - BI-Metal Sensor Check
- AIS10 - Check Idle Speed
- EFD - Fuel Delivery Diagnosis
- EFD1 - System Integrity Check
- EFD2 - Fuel Pressure Test
- EFD3 - Check Fuel Pressure Leak-down
- EFD4 - Check Pressure Regulator Diaphragm Condition
- EFD5 - Check Fuel Pressure With Engine Load
- EFD6 - Check Fuel Pressure Regulator
- EFD7 - Check Vacuum Supply
- EFD8 - Check Fuel Filter
- EFD10 - Check Regulator For High Pressure Causes
- EFD11 - Check Fuel Return System (Type 2)
- EFD12 - Check Fuel Return System
- AIS - Air Induction Diagnosis
- Service and Repair
- Diagrams
- Technical Service Bulletins
- Tools and Equipment
- Ignition System
- Firing Order
- Ignition Timing
- Calibration Resistor / Connector
- Camshaft Position Sensor
- Crankshaft Position Sensor
- Ignition Cable
- Ignition Coil
- Ignition Control Module
- Ignition Timing Connector
- Relays and Modules - Ignition System
- Sensors and Switches - Ignition System
- Spark Plug
- Vacuum Restrictor
- Service Precautions
- Application and ID
- Description and Operation
- Testing and Inspection
- Flow of Diagnosis
- Diagnostic Trouble Code Tests and Associated Procedures
- Pinpoint Tests
- Diagnostic Harness
- Preliminary Checkout, Equipment, and Notes
- Tester Abbreviations
- Testing Values Chart
- Pinpoint Tests
- A - No Start
- A1 - Perform EEC Quick Test
- A2 - Check For Spark During Crank
- A3 - Check Plugs and Wires
- A4 - Check For Vehicle Start With Diagnostic Cable Installed
- A5 - Check PWR GND to ICM
- A6 - Check For VPWR to ICM
- A7 - Check CKP+ Bias at ICM
- A8 - Check CKP+ Bias - Bias Fault
- A9 - Check CKP - Bias Fault - CKP Sensor Disconnected
- A10 - Check For Bias High or Bias Low Fault-Bias Fault
- A11 - Check CKP - For Short to Ground - Bias Low Fault
- A12 - Check CKP For Short High - Bias High Fault
- A13 - Check PIP at ICM
- A14 - Check For PIP Open to Processor - Processor Disconnected
- A15 - Check IGN GND at ICM - Processor Disconnected
- A16 - Check For IGN GND Open to Processor
- A17 - Check PWR GND to ICM - PWR GND Fault
- A18 - Check PIP at ICM - PIP Fault
- A19 - Check For PIP Short High-ICM and PCM Disconnected-KOEO
- A20 - Check For PIP Short to Ground-ICM and PCM
- A21 - Check CKP Amplitude at ICM
- A22 - Check CKP Amplitude at ICM-Amplitude Fault
- A23 - Check CKP Circuit Resistance
- A24 - Check High or Low Resistance - Resistance Fault
- A25 - Check CKP+ Continuity - Resistance High Fault
- A26 - Check CKP- Continuity - Resistance High Fault
- A27 - Check CKP Sensor and Trigger Wheel - Key Off
- A28 - Check CKP+ Shorted to CKP- Resistance Low Fault
- A29 - Check For Bias Voltage High or Bias Voltage Low Fault
- A30 - Check CKPS+ Circuit For Short to Ground
- A31 - Check CKP+ For Short High - Bias High Fault
- A32 - Check CKP Circuit Resistance
- B - Code 212 - IDM Failure
- C - Code 213, Lack of Power, or Poor Fuel Economy
- C1 - Check Base Timing
- C2 - Check For Spark Angle Advance
- C3 - Check Spout at ICM
- C4 - Check For SPOUT Short In ICM - SPOUT Fault
- C5 - Check For SPOUT Short High In Harness
- C6 - Check For SPOUT Short to Ground In Harness
- C7 - Check For SPOUT Continuity to ICM
- C8 - Inspect CKP Sensor and Trigger Wheel - Timing Fault
- D - Codes 215, 216, 217, or 232 - Coil 1, 2, or 3 Failure
- D1 - Check For Spark During Crank
- D2 - Check Plugs and Wires
- D3 - Check For Coil PWR at Coil
- D4 - Check For C1 High at Coil Pack-KOEO
- D5 - Check For C2 High at Coil Pack-KOEO
- D6 - Check For C3 High at Coil Pack-KOEO
- D7 - Check For C1 High at ICM-KOEO
- D8 - Check For C2 High at ICM-KOEC
- D9 - Check For C3 High at ICM-KOEO
- D10 - Check For C1 Low at Coil Connector-Coil Disconnected-KOEO
- D11 - Check For C2 Low at Coil Connector-Coil Disconnected-KOEC
- D12 - Check For C3 Low at Coil Connector-Coil Disconnected
- D13 - Check C1 at Coil Connector While Cranking Engine
- D14 - Check C2 at Coil Connector While Cranking Engine
- D15 - Check C3 at Coil Connector While Cranking Engine
- D16 - Check For C1 Short Low-Coil Disconnected-Key Off
- D17 - Check For C1 Short Low-ICM and Coil Disconnected-Key Off
- D18 - Check For C2 Short Low-Coil Disconnected-Key Off
- D19 - Check For C2 Low-ICM and Coil Disconnected-Key Off
- D20 - Check For C3 Short Low-Coil Disconnected-Key Off
- D21 - Check For C3 Short Low-ICM and Coil Disconnected-Key Off
- D22 Check For C1 Low-ICM and Coil Disconnected-KOEO
- D23 - Check For C2 Low-ICM and Coil Disconnected
- D24 - Check For C3 Low-ICM and Coil Disconnected
- F - Misfire Under Load (Bad Plugs, Wires, or Short to Ground)
- G - No Codes - Intermittent Diagnosis
- A - No Start
- Oscilloscope Patterns and Waveforms
- Locations
- Diagrams
- Technical Service Bulletins
- Tools and Equipment
- Transmission Control Systems
- Application and ID
- Description and Operation
- Locations
- Diagrams
- Technical Service Bulletins
- Transmission and Drivetrain
- Actuators and Solenoids - Transmission and Drivetrain
- Automatic Transmission/Transaxle
- Actuators and Solenoids - A/T
- Band
- Band Apply Servo
- Brake Switch - TCC
- Clutch
- Extension Housing
- Fluid - A/T
- Fluid Line/Hose
- Fluid Pump
- Governor
- Parking Pawl
- Planetary Gears
- Pressure Regulating Solenoid
- Seals and Gaskets
- Sensors and Switches - A/T
- Shift Solenoid
- Shift Linkage
- Shift Modulator
- Throttle Valve Cable/Linkage
- Torque Converter
- Torque Converter Clutch Solenoid
- Transmission Cooler
- Transmission Position Sensor/Switch
- Transmission Temperature Sensor/Switch
- Vacuum Diaphragm
- Valve Body
- Application and ID
- Description and Operation
- Testing and Inspection
- Symptom Related Diagnostic Procedures
- All Upshifts Harsh, Delayed, or No Upshifts
- All Upshifts Mushy, Early, or Pile Up
- Engine Over-Speeds on 2-3 Shift
- Engine Over-Speeds on 3-2 Downshift
- Engine Stall Speed Exceeded In OD or D, OK In R
- Engine Stall Speed Exceeded In OD, D
- Engine Stall Speed Exceeded In OD, D, or R
- Engine Stall Speed Exceeded In R, OK In OD, D, 2ND and 1ST
- Engine Stall Speed Exceeded In Reverse,
- Engine Stalls When Shifting Into Forward or Reverse
- Erratic Shifts/Shifts 1-3 In OD or D/Engine Over-Speed on 2-3 shift
- Forward Engagement Slips, Shudders, or Chatters
- From OD or D to 1 at 55 MPH Coasting, Shift to 1ST Under 15 MPH
- From OD or D to 1 at 55 MPH/Coasting, No Downshift to 2ND Felt
- From OD or D to 1 at 55 MPH/Coasting, Shift to 1ST Over 45 MPH
- Harsh Engagements, Warm Engine
- Harsh or Delayed 2-3 Upshift
- Incorrect Shift Points
- Kickdown Shift Speeds Too Early
- Manual Shift From OD or D to 1 at 55 MPH - Shifts at 45 MPH
- Manual Shift From OD or D to 1 at 55 MPH - Shifts Under 15 MPH
- Mushy, Early, or Soft 2-3 Upshift
- Mushy, Early, Soft, or Slipping 1-2 Upshift
- No D, Slips or Chatters 1ST, OD, or D, Shift Points Incorrect
- No Drive, Slips or Chatters In 1ST In OD or D, Other Gears OK
- No Drive, Slips or Chatters In 2ND Gear
- No Engagement or Drive In Any Forward or Reverse Position
- No Engagement or Drive In Any Forward Position
- No Engagement or Drive In OD or D, Manual 2ND and Low OK
- No Engine Braking In Manual 2nd
- No Engine Braking When Shifting From OD or D to 1 at 55 MPH
- No Forced Downshifts
- No Kickdown Into 2ND Gear Between 40-60 MPH In D or OD
- No or Delayed Forward Engagement, Reverse Satisfactory
- No Shift to 2ND W/Accelerator 3/4 Down at 25 MPH In D or OD
- No 1-2 Upshift
- No 2-3 Upshift
- No 3-4 Upshift
- Poor Vehicle Acceleration
- Engagement
- Rough or Shudder 3-2 Shift At Closed Throttle In D/No 3-4 upshift
- Rough Initial Engagement In Forward or Reverse
- Rough or Shuddering Shift at Closed Throttle In D
- Rough, Harsh, or Delayed 1-2 Upshift
- Shift Efforts High
- Shifts From First to Third In Overdrive or Drive
- Slipping 4TH Gear
- Slow Initial Engagement
- STARTS OUT IN SECOND OR THIRD GEAR
- Torque Converter Clutch Does Not Engage
- Torque Converter Clutch Always Engage
- Torque Converter Clutch Will Not Disengage On Coastdown
- Transmission Leaks
- Transmission Noisy, Other Than Valve Resonance
- Transmission Noisy, Valve Resonance
- Transmission Overheats
- Vehicle Creeping In Neutral
- 1-2 Upshift Is Above 40 MPH at Moderate Acceleration
- Component Tests and General Diagnostics
- Symptom Related Diagnostic Procedures
- Service and Repair
- Diagrams
- Specifications
- Technical Service Bulletins
- Clutch
- Differential Assembly
- Differential Carrier
- Differential Case
- Differential Clutch
- Differential Axle Housing
- Fluid - Differential
- Pinion Bearing
- Pinion Gear
- Ring Gear
- Application and ID
- Testing and Inspection
- Service and Repair
- Specifications
- Technical Service Bulletins
- Drive Axles, Bearings and Joints
- Drive/Propeller Shafts, Bearings and Joints
- Flex Plate
- Flywheel
- Manual Transmission/Transaxle
- Relays and Modules - Transmission and Drivetrain
- Sensors and Switches - Transmission and Drivetrain
- Transfer Case
- Actuators and Solenoids - Transfer Case
- Control Module
- Fluid - Transfer Case
- Four Wheel Drive Selector Switch
- Output Yoke/Flange
- Relays and Modules - Transfer Case
- Sensors and Switches - Transfer Case
- Shifter Transfer Case
- Transfer Case Actuator
- Testing and Inspection
- Service and Repair
- Diagrams
- Specifications
- Technical Service Bulletins
- Transmission Control Systems
- Testing and Inspection
- Technical Service Bulletins
- Tools and Equipment
- Brakes and Traction Control
- Antilock Brakes / Traction Control Systems
- Diagnostic Connector - ABS
- Electronic Brake Control Module
- Wheel Speed Sensor
- Description and Operation
- Testing and Inspection
- Locations
- Diagrams
- Technical Service Bulletins
- Brake Bleeding
- Disc Brake System
- Drum Brake System
- Hydraulic System
- Parking Brake System
- Power Brake Assist
- Relays and Modules - Brakes and Traction Control
- Sensors and Switches - Brakes and Traction Control
- Service Precautions
- Testing and Inspection
Adjustments- Specifications
- Technical Service Bulletins
- Antilock Brakes / Traction Control Systems
- Starting and Charging
- Sensors and Switches - Starting and Charging
- Battery
- Charging System
- Alternator
- Voltage Regulator
- Description and Operation
- Testing and Inspection
- Pinpoint Tests
- B: Series With Internal Voltage Regulator (IVR)
- B1 - Preliminary Checks
- B2 - Base Voltage and No Load Test
- B3 - Load Test
- B4 - Batt Drain With Key Off
- B5 - Under Voltage Test
- B6 - A Terminal Voltage Check
- B7 - F Terminal Voltage Check With Key Off
- B8 - F Terminal Voltage Check With Key On
- B9 - I Circuit Tests
- B10 - Jumpered Load Test
- B11 - Load Repeat (F Terminal)
- B12 - Over Voltage Test
- B13 - Regulator Ground Check
- B14 - Eng Ground Check
- B15 - Alternator Ground Check
- B16 - Repeat No Load Test
- B17 - A and F Voltage Checks
- Charge Lamp System Test
- B: Series With Internal Voltage Regulator (IVR)
- Component Tests and General Diagnostics
- Pinpoint Tests
- Diagrams
- Starting System
- Power and Ground Distribution
- Technical Service Bulletins
- Power and Ground Distribution
- Steering and Suspension
- Alignment
- Steering
- Front Steering Knuckle
- Power Steering
- Steering Column
- Steering Gear
- Steering Wheel
- Tie Rod
- Description and Operation
- Testing and Inspection
- Service and Repair
- Specifications
- Technical Service Bulletins
- Suspension
- Wheels and Tires
- Technical Service Bulletins
- Heating and Air Conditioning
- Air Door
- Blower Motor
- Blower Motor Resistor
- Blower Motor Switch
- Compressor HVAC
- Compressor Clutch Relay
- Condenser HVAC
- Control Assembly
- Coupler HVAC
- Evaporator Core
- Expansion Block/Orifice Tube
- Heater Core
- Refrigerant
- Refrigerant Filter
- Refrigerant Oil
- Relays and Modules - HVAC
- Sensors and Switches - HVAC
- Vacuum Check Valve HVAC
- Vacuum Controller
- Vacuum Harness HVAC
- Vacuum Reservoir HVAC
- Service Precautions
- Description and Operation
- Testing and Inspection
- Diagrams
- Specifications
- Technical Service Bulletins
- Restraints and Safety Systems
- Accessories and Optional Equipment
- Body and Frame
- Cruise Control
- Brake Switch (Cruise Control)
- Clutch Switch
- Cruise Control Brush Assembly
- Cruise Control Module
- Cruise Control Servo
- Cruise Control Servo Cable
- Cruise Control Switch
- Cruise Control Vacuum Vent Solenoid
- Relays and Modules - Cruise Control
- Sensors and Switches - Cruise Control
- Vehicle Speed Sensor/Transducer - Cruise Control
- Description and Operation
- Testing and Inspection
- Initial Inspection and Diagnostic Overview
- Symptom Related Diagnostic Procedures
- Pinpoint Tests
- A: Speed Control Inoperative
- B: Intermittent Operation
- C: Speed Control Doesn't Resume, Accel, or Coast Properly
- D: Speed Not Constant
- E: Does Not Disengage When Brakes Applied
- F: Speed Will Not Set In System
- G: Does Not Disengage When Clutch Is Applied
- H: Speed Gradually Changes After Being Set
- J: Horn Relay Circuit Test
- K: Control Switches & Circuit Test
- L: Servo Assembly Test
- M: Speed Sensor Test
- N: Vacuum Dump Valve Test
- P: Clutch Switch Test
- Q: Stop Lamp Switch & Circuit Test
- R: Speed Decreases on Steep Grades or Heavy Loads
- S: Rear Anti-Lock Brakes Sensor Test
- Diagrams
- Instrument Panel, Gauges and Warning Indicators
- Ammeter Gauge
- Audible Warning Device
- Audible Warning Device Control Module
- Cigarette Lighter
- Dashboard / Instrument Panel
- Fuel Gauge
- Instrument Cluster / Carrier
- Malfunction Indicator Lamp
- Oil Level Warning Indicator
- Oil Level Warning Indicator Relay
- Oil Pressure Gauge
- Oil Pressure Warning Lamp/Indicator
- Relays and Modules - Instrument Panel
- Speedometer Cable
- Temperature Gauge
- Temperature Sensor (Gauge)
- Temperature Warning Lamp/Indicator
- Volt Meter Gauge
- Service Precautions
- Description and Operation
- Locations
- Diagrams
- Technical Service Bulletins
- Lighting and Horns
- Windows and Glass
- Wiper and Washer Systems
- Relays and Modules - Wiper and Washer Systems
- Sensors and Switches - Wiper and Washer Systems
- Windshield Washer Switch
- Wiper Control Module
- Wiper Motor
- Wiper Motor Linkage
- Wiper Motor Timer
- Wiper Switch
- Description and Operation
- Testing and Inspection
- Diagrams
- Application and ID
- Locations
- Diagrams
- Diagram Information and Instructions
- Connector Views
- Air Flow Meter/Sensor
- Air Temperature Sensor ( Ambient / Intake )
- Alternator
- Amplifier, Sound System
- Automatic Transmission/Transaxle
- Backup Lamp Switch
- Blower Motor Resistor
- Blower Motor Switch
- Brake Light Switch
- Brake Switch (Cruise Control)
- Clutch Switch
- Clutch Switch, Cruise Control
- Clutch Switch, ECM
- Compressor Clutch Relay
- Control Assembly, HVAC
- Coolant Temperature Sensor/Switch (For Computer)
- Cruise Control Module
- Cruise Control Servo
- Cylinder Identification Sensor
- Data Link Connector
- Daytime Running Lamp Control Unit
- Diagnostic Connector - Fuel Pump
- Electronic Brake Control Module
- Engine Control Module
- Fog/Driving Lamp Switch
- Fuel Pump
- Fuse Block
- Hazard Warning Switch
- Headlamp Dimmer Switch
- Headlamp Switch
- Horn Relay
- Idle Speed/Throttle Actuator - Electronic
- Ignition Coil
- Ignition Control Module
- Ignition Lock
- Ignition Switch
- Instrument Panel, Gauges and Warning Indicators
- Main Relay (Computer/Fuel System)
- Neutral Safety Switch
- Oil Level Warning Indicator Relay
- Oxygen Sensor
- Power Door Lock Switch
- Power Mirror Switch
- Power Window Switch
- Radio/Stereo
- Throttle Position Sensor
- Transfer Case
- Transmission Control Systems
- Turn Signal Switch
- Vehicle Speed Sensor
- Voltage Regulator
- Windshield Washer Switch
- Wiper Control Module
- Wiper Motor
- Wiper Switch
- Electrical Diagrams
- Power and Ground Distribution
- Antilock Brakes / Traction Control Systems
- Automatic Transmission/Transaxle
- Charging System
- Cruise Control
- Heating and Air Conditioning
- Instrument Panel, Gauges and Warning Indicators
- Lighting and Horns
- Mirrors
- Power Locks
- Powertrain Management
- Radio/Stereo
- Seats
- Starting System
- Transfer Case
- Transmission Control Systems
- Windows
- Wiper and Washer Systems
- Mechanical Diagrams
- Fluid Diagrams
- Vacuum and Vapor Hose Diagrams
- Components
- Connectors
- Grounds
- Splices
- Specifications
- Electrical Specifications
- Alternator
- Computers and Control Systems
- System Specifications
- Air Flow Meter/Sensor
- Air Temperature Sensor ( Ambient / Intake )
- Coolant Temperature Sensor/Switch (For Computer)
- Crankshaft Position Sensor
- Idle Speed/Throttle Actuator - Electronic
- Oxygen Sensor
- Throttle Position Sensor
- Vehicle Speed Sensor
- Fuel Injector
- Ignition Timing
- Starter Motor
- Voltage Regulator
- Mechanical Specifications
- Accelerator Pedal
- Air Cleaner Housing
- Air Flow Meter/Sensor
- Air Temperature Sensor ( Ambient / Intake )
- Alignment
- Automatic Transmission/Transaxle
- Brakes and Traction Control
- Clutch, M/T
- Compressor Clutch
- Coolant Temperature Sensor/Switch (For Computer)
- Crankshaft Position Sensor
- Dashboard / Instrument Panel
- Differential Assembly
- Engine
- System Specifications
- Camshaft, Engine
- Cylinder Block Assembly
- Cylinder Head Assembly
- Drive Belt
- Engine Lubrication
- Intake Manifold
- Lifter / Lash Adjuster, Valve
- Push Rod
- Timing Chain Guide
- Timing Cover
- Firing Order
- Flex Plate
- Flywheel
- Fuel Filter
- Fuel Injector
- Fuel Pressure Regulator
- Fuel Pressure Test Port
- Fuel Rail
- Fuel Tank
- Idle Speed/Throttle Actuator - Electronic
- Ignition Timing
- Manual Transmission/Transaxle
- Radiator Cooling Fan Temperature Sensor / Switch
- Spark Plug
- Starter Motor
- Steering Gear
- Suspension
- Thermostat Housing, Engine Cooling
- Throttle Body
- Throttle Cable/Linkage
- Throttle Position Sensor
- Tie Rod
- Transfer Case
- Water Pump
- Wheel Stud / Lug Nut
- Pressure, Vacuum and Temperature Specifications
- Capacity Specifications
- Fluid Type Specifications
- Electrical Specifications
- Technical Service Bulletins
Diagnostic Trouble Codes